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Observing festivals is an old tradition. It is important to observe them on the correct day to preserve their traditional significance and cultural values.
Sanatana Hindu dharma shastras clearly mandates when to observe a particular festival. Each festival has a specific month, tithi, nakshatra or combination of them. We need to consider the specific time of the day in addition to the above combinations. The basic principle is that the tithe prevailing at sunrise needs to be considered in absence of the specific time, otherwise the day when that month/tithi/nakshatra combination appearing at the specified time / kala should be taken.
Karwa Chauth Rule as per our धर्मशास्त्र- "निर्णय सिन्धु” l
Explanation: "Karwa Chauth to be observed at moonrise (chandrodaya vyapini) and poorvaviddha, best if its tritiya viddha. If visible during both days take the first one, if not visible on both days, then take the second one". The specific time for Karwa Chauth is moonrise time. This means the Chaturthi tithe needs to be visible at the moonrise time. Chaturthi tithe appearing at the sunrise time cannot be taken if it appears on moonrise time on either day.
Tritiya tithi ends on October 19th at 8:16 p.m.
Moon will rise (Chandra Udaya) on October 19th, 2024 @ 8:29 p.m.
Karwa Chauth, means Chaturthi tithi starts on October 19th at 8:17 p.m. and will stay until 5:47 p.m. on October 20th, 2024.
Moon will rise (Chandra Udaya) on October 20th, 2024 @ 09:21 p.m.
Chaturthi tithi will end on October 20th, 2024 @ 5:47 p.m.
There is no Chaturthi tithi after 5:47 p.m. on October 20th, 2024.
Because of this timeline, 2024 Karwa Chauth is on Saturday, October 19th Houston local time.
Please see highlighted area in Sanskrit and in Hindi in photo image.
Rule for observing Karwachauth:
Purnimant Kartika Krishna Paksha Chaturthi which is Amavasyant Ashwin Krishna Paksha Chaturthi
North Indian calendric system uses Purnimant Panchangam in which months end in Purnima. In South India, Gujarat and Maharashtra, months end in Amavasya. So, Shukla Paksha remains common for all. Only Krishna Paksha naming differs. This means when there is a Kartik Krishna Paksha in North, its Ashwin Krishna Paksha in South and Gujarat.
According to North Indian Calendar, Krishna Paksha comes first and then Shukla Paksha. According to South Indian Calendar, Gujarat, and Maharashtra; Shukla Paksha comes first followed by Krishna paksha. Due to the above-mentioned different orders, we see distinct dates.